General discontent over the services provided by local house maids has led to a rise in the popularity of Filipino maids, who are often believed to be more industrious, attentive and educated.
But as good as Filipinas may be at cleaning house, there's one trouble with the trend: Chinese law prohibits private citizens from hiring foreigners, whether they hail from the Philippines or other countries.
Even so, industry insiders estimate that at least 100 Filipino maids are working in Shanghai, having been recruited by more than 10 employment agencies. And the actual number may well exceed 1,000, since more are believed to have been brought by their employers from overseas.
"Most of our customers, who are basically Chinese, turned to us because they were not satisfied with local house maids," said a staff member of the Wemax (Beijing) Business Consulting Co Ltd, who asked to be anonymous. "Besides, customers believe the Filipino maids' ability to speak English is a bonus because it puts their children in an environment where they can learn English."
The company has introduced more than 200 Filipino maids to Beijing and Shanghai since 2007. They are usually paid between 3,000 ($455) and 4,000 yuan a month, which is about 1,000 yuan a month more on average than their local colleagues.
"We're receiving more and more inquiries, especially from last year," he said. "I think it can be attributed to people's better living conditions, which make the service affordable to more Chinese."
"But the demand far exceeds the supply. In fact, only 30 percent of our customers can find a Filipino maid in the end."
In 1996, China adopted rules prohibiting individual citizens from hiring foreigners. Since then, expatriates who are seeking employment from private persons or households have not been able to obtain work permits.
The sole exception applies to diplomats, who are allowed to bring expatriate staff with them from overseas.
To circumvent the law, Filipino maids often come to China with a tourist visa and, when that document expires, either apply for an extension or try to obtain a business visa.
And were it not for the lengthy application process and high costs involved in obtaining the various visas, far more Filipino maids would likely try to take advantage of the system, said the owner of a foreign trade company in Shanghai who was unwilling to give his name. The man said he had lived in the Philippines for more than seven years before returning to China and establishing his company.
According to the man, whose business helps to find employment for maids, the cost of getting work for a Filipino maid in China is around $1,500, a figure that takes into account money spent for air tickets and fees paid to a Filipino employment agency.
And usually fewer than half of the candidates end up being able to obtain a Chinese visa.
"It's hard for us to introduce more Filipino maids to meet the domestic demand, since we can't even guarantee if the candidate can successfully come to China," he said.
In certain cases, the absence under Chinese law of legal protections for Filipino maids has led to disputes with employers.
"Some customers have complained that the Filipino maids occasionally steal money from them," he said. "But we can't do anything to make up for their losses, since there are no regulations defining the obligations of both sides."
"From the Filipino maids' point of view, they sometimes feel as if they are doing something illegal here," he added.
Take the case of Bangie, a Filipino maid who was unwilling to disclose her full name. She has worked for an African family in Beijing for a year and a half.
Bangie takes care of the family's children from Monday to Saturday and is paid 4,000 yuan each month. On Sunday, she usually goes to church or gathers with her friends in Beijing.
"I have worked as a house maid in Singapore and Hong Kong and wanted to try the market in the Chinese mainland," she said.
"I feel OK about the job here. I've learned some Chinese before, so I can get used to the life in China," she said.
Her boss will leave China this year to complete another overseas assignment, and Bangie has decided to go with the family.
"To tell you the truth, I feel a bit unprotected here," she said.
By Yang Yijun (China Daily)